Draw-works for rotary drilling apparatus



Jan. 16, 1940. A. R. MAIER DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS 5Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 28, 1937 INVENTOR, BY ucasr/l? MME/P.

ZM MATTORNEYS Jan. 16, 1940. A. R* MAIER 2,187,523

DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APlARATS l Filed May 28, 1937 5Sheets-Sheet 2 Qi INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYJI Jan. 16, 1940.

A. R. MAIER 2,187,623

DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS Filed May 28. 1937` 5Sheets-Sheet 5 lNvENToR. Ausl/.sr A?. MA /E/a BY 2 9g 74 ATTORNEY .5'

Jan. 16, 1940. A. R. MAIER y 2,187,623

DRAw-woRKs FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS Filed May 28, 1937 5sheets-sheet 4 .iii-Y: l f f #ww 5g) l|| n O QJ l l @w lf3 4\ 3 w Opl."(MO O .,r- O M A 1f N l Y z Y l I i V 1 n CQ l ,I i x i A D i 1 12 i N l1 s O 1 R 1 1 F 1 l Q Q 'ff Qil E 1"" D Il D L l H? n n lllll Il ll llll Il ll ll ll ll H ll lh Il Il Hl 'su n O Q m Q1 l h O J* g) oo \&

R m b N Y \r GQ INVENTOR.

AUGUST E. MA1/ER.

i 3% ATTORNEY Jan. 16, 1940. A. R, MAIER 2,187,623

DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS 'led May 28, 1937 5sheeizs-sheeI 5 {yl-M ATTORNEYJ Patented Jan.. 16,1940

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE alsmzs naAw-woaxs ron no'rAaY DammeAPPARATUS Augustl B. Maier, Dallas, Tex., assignor to )il Well SupplyCompany, Dallas, Tex., a corporation of New Jersey Application my 2s,1931, sei-a1 No, 145,348 s claims. (ci. ssi-rsi) ing at the bottom ofthe well. The drill stem is o lifted or hoisted by a prime mover orpower source l0 through a draw-works and hoisting drum. The rotarymay bedriven from the same source of power. The hoisting drum is so connectedto the driving means through the draw-works that it' can be rotated atvarious selected speeds, while l5 the rotary may be driven at adifferent speed or speeds. v .i Draw-works heretofore used have usuallybeenv of two types. In one type there is a drum shaft on which the drumis mounted and a line shaft B0 from which it is driven at one of' threediiferent speeds by three selective chain drives. Draw,Y works of thistype requires three posts to support the sprockets of the chain drives,and this limits the number of speeds'to three. This limitation 2l tothree speeds is a disadvantage inasmuch as at times four drum shaftspeeds are desired. Moreover, the draw-works is bulky to handle, totransport and to operate. Also it requires align@ ing of threesupporting posts for the shafts and 80 this is. at times, diillcultunder the conditionsI existing in the temporarily erected drilling rig.

In the other type. of draw-works three shafts are provided and aremounted on two supporting posts.V With this construction four speeds areW available.- However, one of the shafts isgpositioned at a higheraltitude than the others and the driving sprocket chains must,therefore, extend upwardly. Consequently, as the chains wear they tendto ride the crest of the sprocket teeth when the load on the drum shaftis heavy and may then drop of! the crest of the teeth with a sudden,severe shock tothe shaft that may result in kinking the latter. N

These 'various disadvantages are obviatedin the draw-works of my presentinvention in which four drum shaft speedsl mayjbe obtained in a'draw-works. having two driving shafts, and in which the entiredraw-works may be a compact 5 that may be moved from one location to-another as a unit and, therefore, without the necessity of atroublesome setting up and aligning of various parts.v

The various features of the invention are illus- 5| trated in theaccompnyins drawings, in whichng a preferred frm of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section immediately above the base of thedraw-works showing the support- Fig. 1 is a planview of a draw-workslembodymg structure and 'clutch shifting mechanism. .s

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the draw-works `taken from the left ofFlgfl.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 6 4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on the line l0 5-5 of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section through the drum shaft and supportingstructure.

In'the draw-Works of my present invention power is'received from a primemover by a line l5' shaft'and transmitted directly to. the shaft of ahoisting Means are provided whereby power may be transmitted to the lineshaft at -either of two selected speeds and may, in'turn, be

transmitted from' the line shaft to the drum shaft 20 at.two relativespeeds for eachv speed ofthe line shaft. Accordingly but two drivingchains and two sprocket wheels are required on the drum shaft-andconsequently only two supporting posts or bearingsare required. However,four speeds 254 vided for the usual purposes and driven from the lineshaft. This shaft may be located above the level of the line and drumshafts, and its position and function have nothing todo with the presentinvention. l

.The various shafts are mounted on a rigid structural base whichcarriestwo bearings for each of the shafts. In this supporting base thebearing supports are rigidly mounted in fixed relative positions so thatthey are always in alignment.

Referring more particularly Vto the accompanying drawings, thedraw-works comprisesa line shaft il on which are rotatably supported a.pair of sprocket wheels Il and I2 driven by means of chains Il and Il,respectively, and rigidly secured to clutch elements I 5 and Il,respectively.

lsitherofthesprocketivhleelsilorllmaybelg` clutched to the shaft I bymeans of sliding clutch elements I1 and I8 which are slidably keyed onthe shaft so that they may slide into and out of engagement with theclutch elements I5 and I6.'

Also rotatably'mounted on the shaft I0 are sprocket wheels I9 and 2l)provided, respectively, with clutchI elements 2| and 22 which may beengaged by clutch elements 23 and 24 slidably keyed on' the shaft I0.The sprocket wheels and I2 are of different diameters so that differentspeeds are imparted to the line shaft I0 when one or the other of themis clutched thereto, thus making this line shaft a two speed shaft.

The sprocket wheel I9 is connected by means of a chain 2| to a sprocketwheel 22 on a drum shaft 23. The sprocket 22 of the drum shaft isprovided with a clutch element 24 and is rotatably mountedA on the drumshaft 23. It may be clutched to the shaft 23 by means of a clutchelement 25 slidably keyed thereon and movable into and out of engagementwith the clutch element 24. The sprocket wheel 20 is Vconnected by meansof a chain 26 to a sprocket wheel 21 rigidly mounted on the drum shaft23. The speed relation between the sprockets I9 and 22 is different fromthat between the sprockets 20 and 21 so that the drum shaft may be giventwo speeds for each lspeed of the line shaft, or a total of four speedswheel to a sprocket wheel 31 fixed on the shaft 34.

The shaft I0 is supported near its ends in bearings 39 and 39 and thedrum shaft 23 is supported in bearings 40 and 4I. The bearings, and 40are, in turn, supported in a bearing member 42 which may preferably beof cast ribbed construction. Similarly, the bearings 39 and 4I aresupported in a bearing member 43 of similar construction. The bearingmembers 42 and 43 thus fix the bearings 38, 39, 40 and 4| in fixedpositions for fixed positions of the bearing members.

The bearing members are mounted and supported on a pair of parallelbeams 44 and 45, re-

spectively, and are-rigidly secured at their upperends in fixed spacedrelation by vmeans of a crossbeam 46. The beams 44l and 45 are held inxed spaced positions by means of crossbeams 41, 48 and 49 preferablyspaced so .as to mount the elements of the clutch shifting mechanism'.The beams 48 and 49 are also preferably reinforced and braced by meansof connecting beams 50 and 6| which also serve to support a part of thedrum brake-operating mechanism. The bearing members 42 and 43 alsocarrying bearings 52 and 53 for the cat shaft 34. The entire structureis thus supported on a rigid, uniform base which may be mounted onconcrete piers 54 and crossl beams 55 in suitable position relative to aderrick zal.

floor 56. This construction not only provides a compact, rigid andstrong support for the various 56 and 61, respectively, forked at theirupper ends to fit about the clutch elements I1 and I9, and pivoted onupright brackets 68 and 69 on the crossbeam 41, and connected at theirbottom ends by means of a link 60. The link 60 is, in turn, connected bya connecting link 6| to a depending crank arm 62 of a shaft 63journalled in bearings 64 and 65 mounted on the crossbeams 41 and 49respectively. The free end of the shaft 63 is provided with a cranklever 66 working in a segment 61 having retaining notches at the twoends and at an intermediate position. It will be apparent that theelements 56 and 51 move in l unison and that, in intermediate position,neither will engage the clutch elements I5 and I6 of the drivingsprockets I I and I2 and that, when shifted to one or the other of theextreme positions, will cause one or the other of the sprockets II or I2to be clutched to the drive shaft.

A hollow shaft 68 is mounted on the shaft 63 and is provided at one endwith a hand lever 69 passing through the segment 61, and at the otherend with a depending lever 1li.` This lever is connected through a link1| with the lower end of'a rock lever 12'mounted on a bracket 'I3 on thecrossbeam 41, and having its upper end forked to engage opposite sidesof the clutch element 23. By shifting the hand lever 69 to one positionor the other, it will cause the clutch elements 2| and 23 to mesh orunmesh and thus connect or disconnect the shaft I0 to and from thesprockvet i8.

The clutch element 24 is shifted by means of .a forked shifting lever 15pivoted on a bracket by means of a pedal 62 on the end of the shaft 19.The clutch element. 25 on the drum shaft may be shifted by means of aforked lever 83 pivoted on a bracket 94 on the bearing member 42 andengaged at its lower end by a cranki carried on a hollow shaft 96enclosing and mounted on the shaft 19. The hollow shaft 66 is actuatedby means of a foot pedal 91 adjacent the foot pedal 82.

The clutch element 33 for connecting and disconnecting the rotary drivesprocket 3| is shifted byY means of a forked lever 88 pivotedy on abracket 99 extending outwardly and upwardly from the beam 46 andconnected by means of a link to the lower end of a crank 9| mounted onthe shaft 92. The shaft 92 is journalled in bearing brackets 93 securedto the beam 46. At its free end is secured a crank arm 94, Fig. 4, whichin turn is connected by means of a link 96 to a crank arm v96 journalledin a bracket 91 on the crossbeam` 49 and provided with a fooi pedal 96'..The forked lever 89 is urged to nonengagingl positionby means of aspring 99 connected between the .lower end of the lever`66 and a part ofthe bracket 93. The lever 69 is tilted to engaging position against theaction of the spring 99 by. depression of the pedal 99.

Eachof'the drum brake surfaces 2 9 and 3l ix provided with a brake bandIMI, IUI, respectively. Each band is supported by a spring |92, |93respectively, suspended from the beam 46 anc' engaging loops or eyes |04and |06, respectiveiy on the brakebands Ill and IM. Each brak:

mamas 3 band extends downwardly about the brake surface and is anchoredby anchorlngvmeans III to the crossbeam I8. The other end of each brakeband is secured to the respective ends of a yoke |01 which is in turnconnected at its midpoint to a link IIB. the opposite end of which l isconnected to a crank |09 secured to a shaft IIII which, in turn, isjournalled in bearings III mounted on the bracing beams `SII and 5I. Theshaft III) is rocked by means of an arm II2, the lower end of which isconnected through a link Ill to a crank arm Ill on a rock shaft IIIjournalled between the beam 44 and the bracing beam 5l. The shaft IIB isrocked by means of a lever arm IIB, Figs. 2 and 6. It will be apparentthat as the lever arm IIB is swung clockwise downwardly it will rotatethe crank III clockwise and the crank arms II! and |09 counterclockwise,thus swinging the end of the crank |09 downwardly and tightening thebrake bands through which it is connected to the yoke Ill. The` brakebands may be supported near the front of the draw-works by means ofstandards IIT mounted on the crossbeam I! and supporting brackets I I8projecting forwardly from the brake bands so as to keep the latter fromfalling inwardly and braking against the drum brake surfaces.

In addition to the driving means provided by the draw-works, the drumshaft may be provided with an emergency` sprocket III through which itmay be driven in the event of a break--V down in the draw-works or primemover.

Through the above mechanism, a self-con-A tained draw-works is providedin which a maxi- Y,

mum number of speeds may be obtained with a minimum of shafts. Also.there is no danger of overriding of the sprocket chainssuch' as iscaused when the chains extend upwardly. Inasmuch as the draw-works maybe moved as a unit, it requires no aligning of parts and may be set on apreviously positioned foundation in accurate position.

It is to bemoted that the sprocket 22 drivesthedrumshaftataslowerspeedthanthe 'sprocket wheel 21, and that theclutch 2l is an overriding clutch, so that if both of the sprocketsl!and 2l should be clutched simultaneously to the line shaft, the drumshaft wouldbe driven atthehigherspeedoverridingtheclutch Il.

What I claim is- Y 1. A draw-works for rotary drilling apparatus whicheomprisesabasehavingapairofspacedlongitudinaibeamaapairofeuvrlghtbearingoneoneachsaidbeamcmlbeamsconnecting said longitudinal spaced beams, a drum shaft journalled inand between said bearing members, a drum rigidly mounted on said drumshaft, a line shaft journalled in and between said bearing members atapproximately the level of said drum shaft, a pair of sprockets on saiddrum shaft, a corresponding pair of driving sprockets on said lineshaft, a clutch between each said driving sprocket and said line shaft.a chain connecting each drum shaft -sprocket to its corresponding lineshaft sprocket, one of said sprocket and chain connections driving saiddrum shaft at a slower speed than the other, a clutch means between saidlower speed sprocket and said drum shaft, means mounted on said frame toconnect each of said driving sprockets individually to said line shaft,a pair of driven sprockets rotatably mounted on said line shaft,clutches between each of said sprockets andsaid line shaft, and a commonmechanism to engage one of said driven sprocket 'clutches and disengagethe other alternatively to and from said-line shaft.

2. A draw-workmfor rotary drilling apparatus which comprises a basehaving a pair of spaced longitudinal beams, a pair of upright bearingmembers, one on each said beam,- crossbeams connecting said longitudinalspaced beams, a drum shaft journalled in and between said bearingmembers, a drum rigidly mounted on said drum shaft. a line shaftjournalled in and between said bearing members at approximately thelevel of said drum shaft, a pair of sprockets on said drum shaft, acorresponding pair of driving sprockets on said line shaft. a clutchbetween each said driving sprocket and said line shaft, a chainconnecting each drum shaft sprocket to its corresponding line shaftsprocket, one of said sprockets and chain connections driving said drumshaft at a slower speed than the other, a clutch means between saidlower speed sprocket and said drum shaft, means mounted on said frame toconnect each of said driving sprockets individually to said line shaft,a pair of driven sprockets rotatably mounted on said line shaft,clutches between each of said sprock- `ets and said line shaft, a commonmechanism to engage one of said driven sprocket clutches and e the otheralternatively to and from said line shaft. a lever mechanism to throwsaid driven lsprocket clutches into intermediate or alternate positions,and individual pedal mechanisms to actuate said drum driving sprocketsindividually.

AUGUST R.

